Science
Circuits.
Definition
An electrical circuit is a closed loop through which electric current can flow. Circuits require a voltage source, conductive path, and typically a load (resistance). They can be arranged in series or parallel configurations.
Examples
Real-world.
- 1 A simple flashlight has a battery, switch, wire, and bulb in a series circuit
- 2 Household outlets are wired in parallel so that each device operates independently
- 3 A short circuit occurs when current bypasses the load, which can cause overheating
Key Fact
Ohm's Law: V = IR, where V is voltage (volts), I is current (amps), and R is resistance (ohms).