Math

Partial fractions.

Definition

A technique for breaking a complex rational expression into a sum of simpler fractions, making integration or inverse Laplace transforms possible. Each factor in the denominator gets its own fraction.

How it works · 5 phases

Step by step.

  1. Factor the denominator completely
  2. Write one fraction for each factor with unknown numerator constants
  3. Multiply both sides by the common denominator
  4. Solve for the unknown constants by substituting strategic values or comparing coefficients
  5. Write the final decomposition
Examples

Real-world.

  • 1 (2x+1)/((x+1)(x-1)) = A/(x+1) + B/(x-1)
  • 2 Breaking 1/(x²-1) into 1/2·(1/(x-1) - 1/(x+1))
  • 3 Used to integrate rational functions in calculus
Studied in

1 unit use this concept.