Science

Ecosystem services.

Definition

Ecosystem services are the benefits that humans receive from natural ecosystems. They are categorized as provisioning (food, water), regulating (climate control, flood prevention), cultural (recreation, spiritual value), and supporting (nutrient cycling, soil formation).

Examples

Real-world.

  • 1 Wetlands provide flood control by absorbing excess water during heavy rains
  • 2 Bees and other pollinators provide pollination services worth billions of dollars to agriculture annually
  • 3 Forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO₂ and helping regulate global climate